Introduction
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Chapter 1
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Boren, Cindy. “A high school in North Dakota calls its teams the ‘Midgets.’ Activists want that changed.” Washington Post, December 12, 2019. https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2019/12/12/high-school-north-dakota-calls-its-teams-midgets-activists-want-that-changed/.
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Brown, Lydia X. Z. “Identity and Hypocrisy: A Second Argument Against Person-First Language.” Autistic Hoya (blog), November 28, 2011. https://www.autistichoya.com/2011/11/identity-and-hypocrisy-second-argument.html.
Cara Liebowitz, interview with author via Facebook Messenger, August 2019.
Cohen-Rottenberg, Rachel. “Doing Social Justice: Thoughts on Ableist Language and Why It Matters.” Disability and Representation (blog), September 14, 2013. http://www.disabilityandrepresentation.com/2013/09/14/ableist-language/.
Ellen Ladau, interview with author, August 2019. West Babylon, NY.
Gardiner, Finn. “The Problems with Functioning Labels.” Thinking Person’s Guide to Autism (blog), March 23, 2018. http://www.thinkingautismguide.com/2018/03/the-problems-with-functioning-labels.html.
Imani Barbarin, interview with author via email, December 2019.
Jenny Lay-Flurrie, interview with author via email, May 2020
Kayla McKeon, interview with author via email, December 2019.
Lawrence Carter-Long, interview with author via email, May 2020.
Liz Weintraub, interview with author via email, May 2020.
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Noor Pervez, interview with author via email, December 2019.
Rebecca Cokley, interview with author via email, January 2020.
Taylor, Jordyn. “If You Care About Mental Illness, It’s Time to Stop Saying ‘Crazy’ and ‘Insane.’” Mic, June 24, 2016. https://www.mic.com/articles/146806/stop-saying-crazy-and-insane-if-you-care-about-mental-illness.
United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division. “Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as Amended.” Last modified June 15, 2009. https://www.ada.gov/pubs/adastatute08.htm.
United States Department of Labor. “Frequently Asked Questions.” Accessed September 7, 2020. https://webapps.dol.gov/dolfaq/go-dol-faq.asp?faqid=67&topicid=11&subtopicid=165.
Chapter 2
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Center for Disability Rights. “Did You Know? Invisible Disabilities.” Accessed August 9, 2020. http://cdrnys.org/blog/development/did-you-know-invisible-disabilities/.
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Crenshaw, Kimberlé. “Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics,” University of Chicago Legal Forum: Vol. 1989, Issue 1, Article 8. 139-167. https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/uclf/vol1989/iss1/8.
D’Arcee Neal, interview with author via video call, May 2020.
Degener, Theresia. “A human rights model of disability.” In Routledge Handbook of Disability Law and Human Rights, edited by Peter and Eilionóir Flynn. New York: Routledge, 2017.
Edison, Laurie Toby and Debbie Notkin. “Guest Post: Temporarily Able-Bodied: Useful, but not always true.” FWD/Forward (blog), February 3, 2010. https://disabledfeminists.com/2010/02/03/guest-post-temporarily-able-bodied-useful-but-not-always-true/.
Emery, Crystal R. “I Am a Black Woman With a Disability. Hear Me Roar.” Time Magazine, July 20, 2016. https://time.com/4401986/black-disabled-woman-power/.
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Lee, Andrew M. I. “The 13 Disability Categories Under IDEA.” Understood. Accessed August 9, 2020. https://www.understood.org/en/school-learning/special-services/special-education-basics/conditions-covered-under-idea.
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Retief, Marno and Rantoa Letšosa. “Models of disability: A brief overview.” HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies 74, no. 1 (March 2018). https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v74i1.4738.
Richards, Penny L. “In Search of….the first TAB.” Disability Studies, Temple U. (blog), May 5, 2007. https://disstud.blogspot.com/2007/05/in-search-ofthe-first-tab.html.
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Sandy Ho, interview with author via email, September 2019.
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University of Leicester. “The social and medical model of disability.” Accessed August 9, 2020. https://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/accessability/staff/accessabilitytutors/information-for-accessability-tutors/the-social-and-medical-model-of-disability.
Chapter 3
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Al-Mohamed, Day. “Black #Disability History: Major Owens, Unsung Hero of the Americans with Disabilities Act.” Lead On Network, February 1, 2016. http://leadonnetwork.org/wordpress/2016/02/01/major-owens-unsung-hero-of-the-americans-with-disabilities-act/.
Alemdaroğlu, Ayça. “Eugenics, modernity and nationalism.” In Social Histories of Disability and Deformity: Bodies, Images and Experiences, edited by David M. Turner and Kevin Stagg. New York: Routledge, 2006.
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Greiwe, Elizabeth. “How an ‘ugly law’ stayed on Chicago’s books for 93 years.” Chicago Tribune, June 23, 2016. https://www.chicagotribune.com/opinion/commentary/ct-ugly-laws-disabilities-chicago-history-flashback-perspec-0626-md-20160622-story.html.
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Leah Harris, interview with author via video call, June 2020.
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Mansky, Jackie. “P.T. Barnum Isn’t the Hero the “Greatest Showman” Wants You to Think.” Smithsonian Magazine, December 22, 2017. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/true-story-pt-barnum-greatest-humbug-them-all-180967634/.
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Perry, David. “‘That’s Just the Life of a Warrior’: How Disability Activists Are Playing the Long Game Under Trump.” Pacific Standard, January 22, 2018. https://psmag.com/social-justice/how-disability-activists-are-playing-the-long-game-under-trump.
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Sara Luterman, interview with author via video call, May 2020.
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United States Access Board. “Rehabilitation Act of 1973.” Accessed August 10, 2020. https://www.access-board.gov/the-board/laws/rehabilitation-act-of-1973.
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Walker, Nick. “Neurodiversity: Some Basic Terms & Definitions.” Neurocosmopolitanism (blog), September 27, 2014. https://neurocosmopolitanism.com/neurodiversity-some-basic-terms-definitions/.
Chapter 4
ADA National Network. https://adata.org/.
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Barbarin, Imani. “The Life and Death Of Seven Bridges.” Disability Visibility Project (blog), February 17, 2019. https://disabilityvisibilityproject.com/2019/02/17/the-life-and-death-of-seven-bridges/.
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Campbell, Alexia Fernández. “A loophole in federal law allows companies to pay disabled workers $1 an hour.” Vox, May 3, 2018. https://www.vox.com/2018/5/3/17307098/workers-disabilities-minimum-wage-waiver-rock-river-valley-self-help.
Dejean, Ashley. “Many People With Disabilities Are Being Paid Way Below the Minimum Wage, and It’s Perfectly Legal.” Mother Jones, August 8, 2017. https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2017/08/many-people-with-disabilities-are-being-paid-way-below-the-minimum-wage-and-its-perfectly-legal/.
Devita-Raeburn, Elizabeth. “The controversy over autism’s most common therapy.” Spectrum, August 10, 2016. https://www.spectrumnews.org/features/deep-dive/controversy-autisms-common-therapy/.
Diament, Michelle. “Netflix Defends Use Of ‘Retarded.’” Disability Scoop, September 24, 2018. https://www.disabilityscoop.com/2018/09/24/netflix-defends-use-of-retarded/25536/.
Dickey, Megan Rose. “Lyft settles DOJ lawsuit alleging violation of Americans with Disabilities Act.” TechCrunch, June 22, 2020. https://techcrunch.com/2020/06/22/lyft-settles-doj-lawsuit-alleging-violation-of-americans-with-disabilities-act/.
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Evans, Dominick. “I don’t personally like dismissing people for being ableist.” Twitter, May 23, 2020. https://twitter.com/dominickevans/status/1264403432598917121.
Fingas, Jon. “Uber faces lawsuit for denying rides to woman with service animal.” Engadget, March 20, 2018. https://www.engadget.com/2018-03-20-uber-lawsuit-over-service-animal-accessibility.html.
Harrell, Sandra, Amy Judy, and Nancy Smith. “How Safe are Americans with Disabilities?” Vera Institute of Justice, April 2017. https://www.vera.org/downloads/publications/How-safe-are-americans-with-disabilities-web.pdf.
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Mak, Aaron. “The Supreme Court Denies Domino’s Petition in a Win for Disability Rights.” Slate, October 7, 2019. https://slate.com/technology/2019/10/the-supreme-court-denies-dominos-petition-on-a-disability-lawsuit.html.
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National Council on Disability. “Rocking the Cradle: Ensuring the Rights of Parents with Disabilities and Their Children.” September 27, 2012. https://ncd.gov/publications/2012/Sep272012/.
Ouch Blog. “First there was racism and sexism, now there’s ableism.” BBC, June 16, 2014. https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-ouch-27840472.
Bialik, Kristen. “7 facts about Americans with disabilities.” Pew Research Center, July 27, 2017. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/07/27/7-facts-about-americans-with-disabilities/.
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Taussig, Rebekah. Sitting Pretty: The View from My Ordinary Resilient Disabled Body. New York: HarperOne, 2020.
Time’s Up. “About.” Accessed August 10, 2020. https://timesupnow.org/about/.
Walker, Ameena. “Here’s what the NYC subway map looks like with just accessible stations.” Curbed New York, September 25, 2017. https://ny.curbed.com/2017/9/25/16363262/nyc-subway-accessible-stations-map.
Wong, Alice, editor. Disability Visibility: First-Person Stories from the Twenty-First Century. New York: Vintage Books, 2020.
Chapter 5
Andrew Gurza, interview with author via email, March 2020.
Anjali Forber Pratt, interview with author via email, April 2020.
Autistic Self Advocacy Network, Welcome to the Autistic Community. Washington, D.C.: The Autistic Press, 2020.
Caplan, Reid. “What Is Sensory Processing Like For Autistic People?” Thinking Person’s Guide to Autism (blog), October 28, 2019. http://www.thinkingautismguide.com/2019/10/what-is-sensory-processing-like-for.html.
Conchita Hernández Legorreta, interview with author via email, August 2020.
Ellen Ladau, interview with author, August 2020. West Babylon, NY.
Eva Sweeney, interview with author via email, August 2020.
Findlay, Carly. Say Hello. Sydney: HarperCollins Australia, 2019.
Julia Bascom, interview with author via email, April 2020.
Kings Floyd, interview with author via email, April 2020.
Lacey Henderson, interview with author via email, April 2020.
Leah Harris, interview with author via video call, June 2020.
Maddy Ruvolo, interview with author via video call, June 2020.
Marc Ladau, interview with author, August 2020. West Babylon, NY.
Pamela Schuller, interview with author via email, April 2020.
Tucker, Kay. “Top Ten Tips When Using an Interpreter.” Paraquad, April 8, 2015. https://www.paraquad.org/blog/top-ten-tips-for-using-an-interpreter/.
Walei Sabry, interview with author via email, May 2020.
Chapter 6
Angel Giuffria, interview with author via Twitter messages, April 2020.
Colón, Ana. “Model Aaron Philip Manifested Her Dream—With a Tweet.” Glamour, September 5, 2019. https://www.glamour.com/story/model-aaron-philip-interview.
Desmarais, Sarah L., Richard A. Van Dorn, Kiersten L. Johnson, Kevin J. Grimm, Kevin S. Douglas, and Marvin S. Swartz. “Community Violence Perpetration and Victimization Among Adults With Mental Illnesses”, American Journal of Public Health 104, no. 12 (December 1, 2014): 2342-2349. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2013.301680.
Dickens, Charles. A Christmas carol: the original 1843 manuscript. Delray Beach, FL: Levenger Press.
Eloise, Marianne. “As an autistic person, Netflix’s Love on the Spectrum is painful to watch.” Cosmopolitan UK, August 5, 2020. https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/love-sex/relationships/a33520256/love-on-the-spectrum-netflix-autism/.
Ervin, Mike. “The Jerry Lewis Telethon Could Have Had a Happy Ending.” The Progressive, August 23, 2017. https://progressive.org/dispatches/jerry-lewis-telethon-could-have-had-a-happy-ending-170823/.
Garland-Thomson, Rosemarie. “Staring at the Other.” Disability Studies Quarterly 25, no. 4. (Fall 2005). https://dsq-sds.org/article/view/610/787.
GLAAD. “Where We Are on TV – 2019-2020.” https://www.glaad.org/whereweareontv19.
Haley Moss, interview with author via Twitter message, August 2020.
Holcomb, Nan. Patrick and Emma Lou. Jason & Nordic Pub, 1989.
Johnson, Mary. “A Test of Wills: Jerry Lewis, Jerry’s Orphans, and the Telethon.” The Disability Rag, September 1992. http://www.raggededgemagazine.com/archive/jerry92.htm.
Lamour, Joseph. “Nyle DiMarco Won ‘America’s Next Top Model,’ and Now He Wants to Change the World.” MTV, December 8, 2015. http://www.mtv.com/news/2683568/nyle-dimarco-antm-winner/.
Lu, Wendy. “Jillian Mercado On Being A Disabled Latina Model: ‘We’re Not Going Anywhere.’” HuffPost, September 16, 2019. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/jillian-mercado-disabled-latina-model_n_5d5aa4b1e4b0eb875f26d49d.
Melissa Blake, interview with author via email, May 2020.
Miller, Anna Medaris. “One of the world’s first models with Down syndrome still can’t get signed by a high-end agency.” Insider, February 7, 2020. https://www.insider.com/professional-model-down-syndrome-cant-be-signed-by-top-agency-2020-2.
Moyes, Jojo. Me Before You. New York: Penguin Books, 2012.
O’Connell, Ryan, creator. Special. That’s Wonderful and Stage 13. Netflix, https://www.netflix.com/title/80987458.
Ryan Haddad, interview with author via phone, April 2020.
Smith, s.e. “Don’t Worry, It’s Fine When It Happens to Crazy People!” Disability in Kidlit (blog), December 20, 2013. http://disabilityinkidlit.com/2013/12/20/s-e-smith-dont-worry-its-fine-when-it-happens-to-crazy-people/.
Stone, Shomari. “Virginia Girl in Wheelchair Meets Ulta Model She Gazed at in Viral Photo.” NBC Washington, September 24, 2019. https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/girl-meets-ulta-model-in-wheelchair-in-viral-post/154841/.
Tuder, Stefanie. “Qdoba Employee Feeds Disabled Customer in Random Act of Kindness.” ABC News, May 14, 2015. https://abcnews.go.com/Lifestyle/qdoba-employee-feeds-disabled-customer-random-act-kindness/story?id=31048720.
Velez, Adriana. “Teens Crown Disabled Girl Homecoming Queen & Warm Our Hearts (VIDEO).” Cafemom, September 26, 2013. https://thestir.cafemom.com/tweens_teens/161735/teens_crown_disabled_girl_homecoming.
Young, Stella. “I’m not your inspiration, thank you very much.” Filmed April 2014 at TEDxSydney, Australia. Video, 9:04. https://www.ted.com/talks/stella_young_i_m_not_your_inspiration_thank_you_very_much.
Conclusion
Charlton, James I. Nothing About Us Without Us: Disability Oppression and Empowerment. Oakland, CA: University of California Press, 1998.
Mingus, Mia. “The Four Parts of Accountability: How To Give A Genuine Apology Part 1.” Leaving Evidence (blog), December 18, 2019. https://leavingevidence.wordpress.com/2019/12/18/how-to-give-a-good-apology-part-1-the-four-parts-of-accountability/.
Naomi Ortiz, interview with author via email, May 2020.
Reyma McCoy McDeid, interview with author via video call, May 2020.